Women at the BSA (1919–1939): Girton College

Six former members of Girton College, Cambridge were admitted to the BSA between the wars:

• Benton, Miss S. Girton 1907–10. Lady Margaret Hall 1929–30; B.Litt. 1934. BSA adm. 1927–28; re-admitted 1929–30; 1935–36; 1936–38. Excavated on Ithaka. 
• Coke, Miss K.N. Admitted 1937–38. 
• Fisher, Miss V. (The Hon. Mrs Hankey). Admitted 1938–39. Excavated at Knossos; Mycenae.
• Gray, Miss J.E. Admitted 1937–38. 
• Hartley, Miss M. Classical Tutor at Somerville College, Oxford. Admitted 1928–29. Excavated on Crete.
• Thomas, Miss H. Admitted 1935–36.

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Winifred Lamb: Aegean Prehistorian and Museum Curator

Cover image: British School at Athens

My biography of Winifred Lamb is due to be published in September 2018. The study covers her time as a student at the British School at Athens (as well as her preliminary visit to the Mycenae excavations before she was admitted), and her excavations at Mycenae, Sparta, in Macedonia, on Lesbos and on Chios. Her active fieldwork in the Aegean continued into the 1930s when she shifted her interests to Anatolia (through the excavation at Kusura).

Lamb was simultaneously the honorary keeper of Greek Antiquities at the Fitzwilliam Museum, Cambridge, where she created a prehistoric gallery displaying finds from British excavations on Crete and on Melos.

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BSA students and the Fitzwilliam Museum

My study of donations to the Fitzwilliam Museum by students of the BSA is now available online.

Gill, D. W. J. 2012. "From the Cam to the Cephissus: the Fitzwilliam Museum and students of the British School at Athens." Journal of the History of Collections: 1-10.

Abstract
The Fitzwilliam Museum holds material brought back to England by some of the early nineteenth-century travellers to Greece, including Edward Daniel Clarke and William Martin Leake. However, it was not until the later nineteenth century, with the founding of such organizations as the British School at Athens and the Cyprus Exploration Fund, that the Museum's collections started to be enriched through material excavated or otherwise acquired in Greece by archaeologists and other students. This article maps the impact of the emerging discipline of archaeology on the Fitzwilliam's collections in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. It also demonstrates how the Museum profited from the close connections between students, archaeologists and museum officers of the period.

[Abstract]

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Students at the British School at Athens (1918-23)

Students admitted under Alan Wace:

• Harold Collingham: 1919-20 (Craven Student). Queens' College, Cambridge.
  
• M. Tierney: 1919-20. University of Ireland.
  
• Arnold Walter Lawrence (1900-91): 1919-20 (Craven Fund); 1921-22; 1924-25 (Craven Fellow). New College, Oxford. [ODNB]
  
• J.B. Hutton: 1920-21 (Carnegie Trustees).
  
• Frank Laurence Lucas (1894-1967): 1920-21 (School Student). Trinity College, Cambridge [ODNB]
  
• Bernard Ashmole (1894-1988): 1920-21, 1921-22 (Craven Fellow). Hertford College, Oxford. [ODNB]
• Henry Theodore Wade Gery (1888-1972): 1920-21; 1921-22, 1922-23. New College, Oxford. [DBC]
  
• J.J.E. Hondius: 1920-21 (Foreign Student). University of Utrecht.
  
• C.A. Boethius: 1920-21, 1921-22 (Foreign Student). University of Upsala.
  
• L.ilian Chandler (Mrs Batey): 1920-21 (Gustav Sachs Memorial Studentship). University of Sheffield.
  
• Mary A.B. Herford (Mrs Gustav E.K. Braunholtz): 1920-21. University of Manchester; Somerville College, Oxford.
  
• Winifred Lamb (1894-1963): 1920-21; 1921-22, 1922-23, 1923-24, 1924-25, 1927-28, 1928-29, 1929-30, 1930-31. Newnham College, Cambridge. [ODNB]
  
• M.A. Hondius-Van Haeften: 1920-21 (Foreign Student). University of Utrecht.
  
• Walter Abel Heurtley (1882-1955): 1921-22, 1922-23. Gonville & Caius College, Cambridge; Oxford (Diploma of Archaeology). [DBC]
  
• Richard Wyatt Hutchinson (1894-1970): 1921-22; 1930-31. St John's College, Cambridge. [DBC]
  
• J.E. Scott: 1921-22. Emmanuel College, Cambridge.
  
• E. Smith: 1921-22 (Foreign Student). University of Christiana.
  
• A. Smith (Mrs E. Smith): 1921-22 (Foreign Student). University of Christiana.
• E. Kjellberg: 1921-22 (Foreign Student). University of Lund.
  
• J. Waldis: 1921-22 (Foreign Student). University of Zurich.
  
• G. Snijder: 1921-22 (Foreign Student). University of Utrecht.
  
• John Bell (1890-1958): 1922-23. Balliol College, Oxford. [Obituary: The Times 9 May 1958]
  
• Stewart Studdert Clarke (1897-1924): 1922-23, 1923-24 (Craven Fellow). Balliol College, Oxford. Drowned off Salamis. [Obituary: The Times 6 May 1924]
• Bertrand Leslie Hallward (1901-2003): 1922-23 (School Student). [ODNB]
  
• Duncan Campbell MacGregor (c. 1889-1939): 1922-23. Edinburgh University; Trinity College, Oxford. [Obituary: The Times 14 March 1939]
• Jocelyn Mary Pybus (Mrs A.M. Woodward) (d. 1974): 1922-23. Newnham College, Cambridge.
  
• A.G. Russell: 1922-23 (Sachs Student). University of Liverpool.
  
• Charles Theodore Seltman (1886-1957): 1922-23 (Prendergast Student). Queens' College, Cambridge. [DBC]
  
• O.J. Todd: 1922-23. University of British Columbia.
  
• J. Webb: 1922-23. University of Melbourne.
  

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Assistant Directors: The Inter-War Years

The Assistant Directors were:

• Stanley Casson: 1920-23. [DBC]
  
• Walter Abel Heurtley: 1923-33. [DBC]
  
• Romilly James Heald Jenkins: 1933 (Senior Student). [Obituary: The Times 9 October 1969]
  
• Arthur Hubert Stanley ('Peter') Megaw: 1934 (Senior Student and Librarian); 1935-36. [Obituary: The Times 4 August 2006]
  
• Thomas James Dunbabin: 1936-46 (Deputy Director from 1939). [DBC]
  

Cambridge: Heurtley, Jenkins, Megaw.
Oxford: Casson, Dunbabin.

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Directors: The Inter-War Years

The Directors of the BSA during the period 1918-1945 were:

• Alan John Bayard Wace: 1914-23. [ODNB]
  
• Arthur Maurice Woodward: 1923-29. [DBC]
  
• Humfry Gilbert Garth Payne: 1929-36. [ODNB]
  
• Alan Albert Antisdel Blakeway: 1936. [DBC]
• Gerard Mackworth Young (Mackworth-Young from 1947): 1936-46. [ODNB]
  

Cambridge: Wace, Young.
Oxford: Woodward, Payne, Blakeway.

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BSA Students from Cambridge and the Fitzwilliam Museum

Cambridge students made a large contribution to the life and research of the BSA in the period up to the outbreak of the First World War. Many of the students became donors of the Fitzwilliam Museum, including:

• Robert Carr Bosanquet
• Richard MacG. Dawkins
• John P. Droop
• Wilfrid Jerome Farrell
• Ernest A. Gardner
• Francis Henry Hill Guillemard
• F.W. Hasluck
• M.R. James
• W. Loring
• John Hubert Marshall
• Eustace M.W. Tillyard
• Alan J.B. Wace
• V.W. Yorke

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BSA: The Cambridge Contribution

As Cambridge University celebrates its 800th anniversary (BBC), it is worth remembering the university's contribution to the BSA. The university made a major financial contribution to the work of the BSA. All but two of the directors in the period up to the end of the First World War were from Cambirdge:

• Francis Cranmer Penrose (1817-1903). Director: 1886/87.
  
• Ernest Arthur Gardner (1862-1939). Student: 1886/87; Director: 1887-1895.
  
• Robert Carr Bosanquet (1871-1935). Student: 1892/93, 1894-97; Assistant Director: 1899/1900; Director: 1900-06.
• Richard Macgillivray Dawkins (1871-1955). Student: 1902-05; Director: 1906-14. (1914/15, 1915/16, 1916/17, 1917/18).
• Alan John Bayard Wace (1879-1957). Student: 1902-11; Director: 1914-23.

Among the Cambridge scholars who influenced the early students was Sir William Ridgeway; classical archaeology thrived in the period up to the First World War.

The post-World War 1 period included scholars like John Pendlebury and Winifred Lamb. Material from BSA (and related) excavations (e.g. Cyprus; Melos; Crete; Laconia; Thermi) was donated to the Fitzwilliam Museum.

• Related items about Cambridge
• Index for Cambridge students at the BSA
  

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BSA Students and Folklore

Folklore was an element of student research. The Cambridge emphasis can probably be traced back to J.G. Frazer (himself a student at the BSA) and to William Henry Denham Rouse (1863-1950). One of the earliest discussions is by Edward E. Sikes of St John’s, who worked on folklore elements in Hesiod in the early 1890s. Sikes drew on contemporary folklore studies and interpretations. John C. Lawson of Pembroke College was interested in the traditions of Skyros, and studied ‘folk-lore and traditional beliefs of the Greek people’ drawing on ‘oral as well as literary sources’. F.W. Hasluck of King’s College collected folk-lore traditions in Anatolia. R.M. Dawkins of Emmanuel College recorded folk-tales and noted carnivals. A.J.B. Wace also collected folk-tales and reworked them in a series of short-stories. One of the few non-Cambridge students to work in this area was Mary Hamilton of St Andrews, who researched Greek saints and explored continuity from pre-Christian times.

Select bibliography
Casson, S. 1913. "The dispersal legend." Classical Review 27: 153-56. [JSTOR]
—. 1927. "The growth of legend." Folklore 38: 255-71. [JSTOR]
Dawkins, R. M. 1904. "Greek and Cretan epiphany customs." Folklore 15: 214. [JSTOR]
—. 1924a. "Ancient statues in mediaeval Constantinople." Folklore 35: 209-48.
[JSTOR]
—. 1924b. "Ancient statues in mediaeval Constantinople: additional note." Folklore 35: 380.
—. 1929. "Presidential address: folklore and literature." Folklore 40: 14-36.
[JSTOR]
—. 1930. "Presidential address: folk-memory in Crete." Folklore 41: 11-42.
[JSTOR]
—. 1942a. "Folklore in stories from the Dodecanese." Folklore 53: 5-26. [JSTOR]
—. 1942b. "Soul and body in the folklore of modern Greece." Folklore 53: 131-47.
[JSTOR]
—. 1944. "A modern Greek folktale and comments." Folklore 55: 150-61. [JSTOR]
—. 1949a. "The story of Griselda." Folklore 60: 363-74. [JSTOR]
—. 1949b. "Obituary: Margaret Masson Hasluck." Folklore 60: 291-92. [JSTOR]
—. 1951. "The meaning of folktales." Folklore 62: 417-29. [JSTOR]
—. 1951b. "Obituary: W. H. D. Rouse." Folklore 62: 269-70. [JSTOR]
—. 1951c. "Recently published collections of modern folktales." Annual of the British School at Athens 46: 53-60.
—. 1952. "The silent princess." Folklore 63: 129-42. [JSTOR]
—. 1953a. "In a Greek village." Folklore 64: 386-96. [JSTOR]
—. 1953b. Modern Greek Folktales. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Halliday, W. R. 1910a. "The force of initiative in magical conflict." Folklore 21: 147-67. [JSTOR]
—. 1910b. "A spitting cure." Folklore 21: 388. [JSTOR]
—. 1912a. "A Greek Marriage in Cappadocia." Folklore 23: 81-88. [JSTOR]
—. 1912b. "Folklore scaps from Greece and Asia Minor." Folklore 23: 218-20. [JSTOR]
—. 1912c. "Modern Greek folk-tales and ancient Greek mythology." Folklore 23: 486-89. [JSTOR]
—. 1913. "Cretan folklore notes." Folklore 24: 357-59. [JSTOR]
—. 1914. "Modern Greek folk-tales and ancient Greek mythology: Odysseus and Saint Elias." Folklore 25: 122-25. [JSTOR]
—. 1919. "A sailor's saying." Folklore 30: 316-17. [JSTOR]
—. 1920. "Obituary: F.W. Hasluck." Folklore 31: 336-38. [JSTOR]
—. 1920. "The story of Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves." Folklore 31: 321-23. [JSTOR]
—. 1921. "Snake stones." Folklore 32: 262-71. [JSTOR]
—. 1922. "Snake stones." Folklore 33: 118-19. [JSTOR]
—. 1923. "Notes upon Indo-European folk-tales and the problem of their diffusion." Folklore 34: 117-40. [JSTOR]
—. 1924a. Folklore studies: ancient and modern. London: Methuen.
—. 1924b. "Passing under the yoke." Folklore 35: 93-95. [JSTOR]
—. 1924c. "The Mithraic grade of "Eagles"." Folklore 35: 381. [JSTOR]
—. 1930. ""The Superstitious Man" of Theophrastus." Folklore 41: 121-53. [JSTOR]
—. 1933. Indo-European folk-tales and Greek legend. Gray lectures; 1932. Cambridge: The University Press.
—. 1950. "A motif found in Moslem legend." Folklore 61: 218. [JSTOR]
Hasluck, F. W. 1911/12. "Plato in the folk-lore of the Konia plain." Annual of the British School at Athens 18: 265-69.
—. 1912/13. "Studies in Turkish history and folk-legend." Annual of the British School at Athens 19: 198-220.
—. 1919. "Prentice Pillars: the architect and his pupil." Folklore 30: 134-35. [JSTOR]
Hasluck, F.W. (eds. M.M. Hasluck, R. M. Dawkins). 1926. Letters on religion and folklore. London: Luzac & Co.
Hasluck, F. W. (ed. M. M. Hasluck). 1929. Christianity and Islam under the Sultans. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Hasluck, M.M. ‘The significance of Greek personal names’, Folklore 34, 2 (1923) 149-154, 249-251. [JSTOR]
—. 1925. "Ramadan as a personal name." Folklore 36: 280. [JSTOR]
—. 1926. "A lucky spell from a Greek island." Folklore 37: 195-96. [JSTOR]
—. 1927. "The basil-cake of the Greek New Year." Folklore 38: 143-77. [JSTOR]
—. 1949. "Oedipus Rex in Albania." Folklore 60: 340-48. [JSTOR]
Lawson, J. C. 1910. Modern Greek Folklore and Ancient Greek Religion: a study in survivals. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Sikes, E. E. 1893. "Folk-Lore in the 'Works and Days' of Hesiod." Classical Review 7: 389-94. [JSTOR]
—. 1909. "Four-footed man: a note on Greek anthropology." Folklore 20: 421-31. [JSTOR]

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BSA Corporate Subscriptions (1894-1918)

The re-organisation of the BSA under Cecil Harcourt-Smith brought about an increase in the amount of money attracted from corporate bodies. This income represented around 51% of the total subscriptions for the BSA during this period. The Rules and Regulations stated:

VI. A corporate body subscribing not less than £ 50 a year, for a term of years, shall, during that term, have the right to nominate a member of the Managing Committee.

Representatives from the Hellenic Society and Oxford University on the Managing Committee were joined by a representative from Cambridge (from 1896/97). Each institution then gave £100 per annum (except for the Hellenic Society and Oxford during the First World War).

The BSA was regularly supported by a subscription of £5.5.0 from the Society of Antiquaries of London, and £25 from HRH the Prince of Wales (and after he became King).

Oxford Colleges

• Brasenose College (by 1894/95, £5)
• Christ Church (from 1895/96, £20)
• Corpus Christi College (from 1895/96, £5)
• Magdalen College (from 1895/96, £10)
  

Cambridge Colleges

• Caius College (by 1907/08, £10)
• Emmanuel College (by 1911/12, £5)
  
• King's College (from 1895/96, £10)

Other British Institutions

• Institute of Archaeology, Liverpool (1907/08, £1)
  
• Victoria University of Manchester (by 1909/10, £1.1.0 and increased £6.1.0 [1910/11]; £5 [1912/13, 1913/14, 1914/15, 1916/17, 1917/18])
• University College, Reading (by 1913/14, £1)
  

Canada

• McGill University, Montreal (from 1896/97, £5.5.0)

Information and chart revised 7 August 2008.

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BSA Students and Crete in the First World War

Students of the BSA had been involved in a series of excavations across Crete since the foundation of the Cretan Exploration Fund. These had included Knossos, the Dictaean Cave, Kato Zakro, Praesos, Palaikastro, the Kamares Cave and Plati.

Three former BSA students were commissioned as officers in the Royal Naval Volunteer Reserve (RNVR): Richard M. Dawkins (1871-1955), John C. Lawson (1874-1935), and William R. Halliday (1886-1966). Their role was to monitor the activity of German submarines and to be involved in counter-espionage.

Lawson was a Fellow of Pembroke College, Cambridge, and Dawkins had just resigned as Director of the BSA and was a Fellow of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Both were in their 40s. Halliday had been appointed Rathbone Professor of Ancient History at Liverpool in 1914. Lawson was commissioned in February 1916, Halliday in May, and Dawkins in December. All held the rank of Lieutenant; Lawson rose to be Lt-Commander. (Dawkins' father had retired from the Royal Navy with the rank of Read-Admiral.) Lawson was based at Suda Bay, Dawkins to eastern Crete (an area he knew well from his excavations there), and Halliday to the western part of the island.

Lawson later wrote about aspects of his activity as an intelligence officer:

He must secure native agents ashore along coastlines of many hundred miles to report sightings of submarines, and movements of ships or persons suspected of communicating with or re-victualling them, and devise codes for the passing of such information. He must direct the tracking and procure the arrest of spies and enemy agents in general.

One of Lawson's actions was to annexe (briefly) the island of Kythera in January 1917 as he considered it to be acting as a base for enemy submarines responsible for a series of sinkings.

This work on Crete was conducted alongside other intelligence work through the Eastern Mediterranean Special Intelligence Bureau (EMSIB) in Salonica (see Harry Pirie-Gordon) or through civilian activity in Athens.

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John Ellingham Brooks

One of the more shadowy students at the BSA was John Ellingham Brooks (1863-1929). He had been educated at St Paul's College, Stony Stratford, Bucks., and then Peterhouse, Cambridge (1883-86; BA 1886). He was admitted at Lincoln's Inn (28 January 1887) and passed his Roman Law examination (1889).

In 1890 Brooks met (William) Somerset Maugham (1874–1965) in Heidelberg (see also Samuel J. Rogal, A William Somerset Maugham Encyclopedia [Greenwood, 1997]). Bryan Connon has noted:

Ten years his senior and an ostentatious homosexual, Brooks encouraged his ambitions to be a writer and introduced him to the works of Schopenhauer and Spinoza.

Brooks was admitted to the BSA in Ernest Gardner's last year as Director (1894/95). The reason stated was to do:

some preliminary work with a view to further research in another Session, especially in connection with the early Italian travellers in Greece, with the Greek teachers in Italy at the time of the Renaissance, and with the records and doings of the French and English travellers at the end of last and the beginning of the present century.

Brooks was re-admitted as an Associate in 1896/97 under Cecil Harcourt-Smith.

In 1895, the year of Oscar Wilde's imprisonment, Brooks and Maugham arrived on Capri. It was there Brooks met (Beatrice) Romaine Mary Goddard (1874-1970), an American citizen. Brooks and Goddard married on Capri on 3 June 1903; they separated after a year.

On Capri Brooks developed a close relationship with Edward Frederic Benson (1867-1940), another former student at the BSA (1891/92-1894/95). Benson recalled in As We Were (1930):

For several years I had been out here for some weeks of the summer, sharing the quarters of a friend of mine resident on the island, but now we had taken between us the lease of the Villa Cercola, and my footing in Capri was on a more permanent basis. ... the house was much bigger than Brooks's last habitation. (p. 339)

These events took place in 1914, but Benson had clearly been visiting Capri since 1895 (see Robert Aldrich, The Seduction of the Mediterranean: Writing, Art and Homosexual Fantasies [London: Routledge, 1993], 126) as he had been part of the circle of Goddard, Maugham and Brooks. The Villa Cercola was also leased with Maugham.

Brooks died in May 1929.

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Cretan Exploration Fund: Anthropology

Human and animal remains from excavations of the Cretan Exploration Fund were send to Professor William Boyd Dawkins (1837-1929) of Manchester University. Boyd Dawkins was a friend of Evans and was invited to Knossos. He had worked on cave deposits in England, notably Wookey Hole and Cresswell Crags, and was thus a natural choice to advise Hogarth for the interpretation of animal remains from the Dictaean Cave. He also made comments on the skulls found during Hogarth's excavations at Kato Zakro.

Bosanquet wrote about the human remains from Palaikastro:

Old C---'s [presumably Charles Comyn] fondness for skulls is notorious; to-day he packed 13 of them in two large mule-paniers and sent them off to the Museum at Candia, hoping they may arrive there in time to be measured and reported on by Body-Dawkins. B.-D. is the author of a sporting book on 'Cave-hunting,' and what he doesn't know about bones isn't worth knowing. Also he's a pal of Evans', and is coming to Cnossos to stay with E. [April 21, 1902]

The following season Wynfrid L.H. Duckworth, Cambridge university lecturer in physical anthropology, joined the team to work on the remains found in the ossuaries. As he was a qualified medical doctor (St Bartholomew's Hospital in London) he was able to meet the medical needs of the local community.

Duckworth has a lot of doctoring to do and is very good and patient. Our drugs, sufficient for my modest practice, aren't enough for his, but that's just as well, for we have no business to take the place of the local doctors and chemists by a too wholesale distribution of medicines. [March 28, 1903]

Charles H. Hawes of Trinity College, Cambridge, joined the project in 1905 to continue this work.

References
Boyd Dawkins, W. 1900/01. "Skulls from cave burials at Zakro." Annual of the British School at Athens 7: 150-56. [See comment by J.L. Myres, Man 2 [1902] 122-23.]
Boyd Dawkins, W. 1902. "Remains of animals found in the Dictaean Cave in 1901." Man 2: 162-65. [JSTOR]
Duckworth, W. L. H. 1902/03a. "Excavations at Palaikastro. II. § 11. Human remains at Hagios Nikolaos." Annual of the British School at Athens 9: 344-50.
—. 1902/03b. "Excavations at Palaikastro. II. § 12. Ossuaries at Roussolakkos." Annual of the British School at Athens 9: 350-55.
Hawes, C. H. 1904/05. "Excavations at Palaikastro. IV. § 7. Larnax burials at Sarandari." Annual of the British School at Athens 11: 293-97.

Image
Skull from Zakro.

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Obituary: Nicolas Coldstream (1927-2008)

Nicolas Coldstream, best known for his work on Early Iron Age Greece, died on March 21, 2008. He was born on March 30, 1927, at Lahore, India, and was educated at Eton and King's College, Cambridge. He was temporary assistant keeper in the Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities at the British Museum (1956-57), and then Macmillan Student at the BSA (1957-60). In 1960 he was appointed lecturer at Bedford College, University of London, promoted reader (1966), and subsequently professor of Aegean Archaeology (1975). He was elected Yates Professor of Classical Archaeology at University College London in 1983 (a position he held until his retirement in 1992).

Coldstream edited the Annual of the British School at Athens (1968-73) and was chair of the Managing Committee (1987-91).

• Daily Telegraph, April 4, 2008.
• The Times, April 9, 2008.
• The Independent, April 15, 2008 (by Gerald Cadogan)
  

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Sparta: a visit in 1914

In the spring of 1914 Agnes Ethel Conway (1885-1950) and Evelyn Radford (1887-1969) visited Sparta as part of a wider tour of the Peloponnese. Both had studied at Newnham College, Cambridge.

We found the remains of a barely recognizable theatre almost hidden in cornfields, and a bit of a Roman wall. As for the excavations of the precinct of Artemis Orthia, which have yielded the British archæologists objects of great importance in an unbroken succession from the tenth century B.C. downward, we could scarcely believe that the rubbishy foundation walls had not been built the other day by peasants. Had we come upon such things ourselves, we should have shamefacedly covered them up again and said nothing about them! A shepherd’s hut on the edge of the enclosure was infinitely better built.

The excavations had been completed under Richard Dawkins.

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Melos: the churches

In April 1896 Robert Carr Bosanquet, who had been left in charge of the excavations while Cecil Harcourt-Smith was in Athens, was joined on Melos by two contemporaries from Trinity College, Cambridge: Henry Martineau Fletcher (1870-1953) and Sydney Decimus Kitson (1871-1937). Fletcher and Kitson had both matriculated at Trinity in 1889 (the year above Bosanquet) and were on an extended trip through Italy and Greece. While on Melos they made a study of the Byzantine churches. Neither was admitted as a student of the BSA.

Fletcher had been educated at Marlborough, and had been awarded a first in Part 1 of the Cambridge Classical Tripos (1892). He was articled to Mervyn Macartney. He later worked as an architect (FRIBA 1908) and served as Vice-President (1929-31) Honorary Secretary (1934-39) of RIBA. He helped to design the War Memorial at St John's College, Cambridge.

Kitson had been educated at Charterhouse. Kitson's father, James, was a locomotive engineer; his half-brother was the First Baron Airedale. Kitson was articled to E.J. May in London. He practised as an architect in Leeds as the senior partner of Kitson, Parish, Ledgard and Pyman. Among his designs was the Leeds School of Art. Kitson was an authority of John Sell Cotman and the Norwich School of painting. His collection of Cotman drawings and watercolours were bequeathed to RIBA; a former BSA student, Adolph Paul Oppé, prepared the catalogue.

Reference
Fletcher, H. M., and S. D. Kitson. 1895/6. "The churches of Melos." Annual of the British School at Athens 2: 155-68.

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Cambridge: Chancellor's Classical Medals

BSA students who were awarded the Chancellor's Classical Medals.

• 1886: Montague Rhodes James.
• 1889: William Loring. (Equal with Edwin J. Brooks)

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Cambridge: Sir William Browne's Medals

BSA students who won the Sir William Browne Medals.

• 1877, Greek Epigram: Hercules Henry West
• 1889, Latin Ode: Edward Ernest Sikes
• 1901, Latin Epigram: Frederick William Hasluck
  

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Cambridge, Classical Tripos, Part 2: Subject Choice

The results for Part 2 of the Classical Tripos indicate an emphasis on Classical Archaeology.

1884-95

From 1881 the section areas where a first class mark was obtained was indicated.

• 1884: Gardner, Ernest Arthur. Caius. Pt 2, 1st (a, d [dist.]).
• 1885: James, Montague Rhodes. King's. Pt 2, 1st (a [dist.], d [dist.]).
• 1889: Loring, William. King's. Pt 2, 1st (a, b [dist.], d).
• 1890: Sikes, Edward Ernest. St John's. Pt 2, 1st (a, d).
• 1891: Baker, Francis Brayne (Brayne-Baker). Christ's. Pt 2, 2nd.
• 1891: Bather, Arthur George. King's. Pt 2, 1st (d [dist.]).
• 1891: Benson, Edward Frederic. King's. Pt 2, 1st (d).
• 1892: Mayor, Robert John Grote. King's. Pt 2, 1st. (a [dist.], b, c [dist.])
• 1892: Yorke, Vincent Wodehouse. King's. Pt 2, 1st. (d)
  
• 1894: Earp, Frank (Francis) Russell. King's. Pt 2, 1st. (d)
  
• 1894: Bosanquet, Robert Carr. Trinity. Pt 2, 1st. (d)
  

1895 onwards

From 1895, the subject area is indicated in which a first was obtained.

Group A: Literature and Criticism

• 1897: Lawson, John Cuthbert. Pembroke. Pt 2, 1st.

Group C: History

• 1898: Edmonds, Charles Douglas. Emmanuel. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1904: Tillyard, Henry Julius Wetenhall. Caius. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1910: Tillard, Lawrence Berkley. St John's. Pt 2, 1st.

Group D: Archaeology

• 1896: Morrison, Frederick Arthur Charles. Jesus. Pt 2, 1st. Dist.
• 1898: Gutch, Clement. King's. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1899: Smith, Solomon Charles Kaines. Magdalene. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1900: Marshall, John Hubert. King's, Pt 2, 1st.
• 1901: Hasluck, Frederick William. King's. Pt 2, 1st. Dist.
• 1902: Wace, Alan John Bayard. Pembroke. Pt 2, 1st. Dist.
• 1903: Welsh, Margery Katharine. Newnham. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1905: Farrell, Wilfrid Jerome. Jesus. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1905: Droop, John Percival. Trinity. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1908: Gomme, Arnold Wycombe. Trinity. Pt 2, 1st. Dist.
• 1909: Grose, Sidney Wilson. Christ's. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1909: Radford, Evelyn. Newnham. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1910: Lamb, Dorothy. Newnham. Pt 2, 1st.

Group E: Language

• 1902: Dawkins, Richard Mcgillivray. Emmanuel. Pt 2, 1st. Dist.

2nd Class

• 1899: Kohler, O.C. Girton. Pt 2, 2nd.
• 1903: Stokes, John Laurence. Pembroke. Pt 2, 2nd
  

Not Available

• 1911: Tillyard, Eustace Mandeville Wetenhall. Jesus. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1912: Scutt, Cecil Allison. Clare. Pt 2, 1st.
• 1912: Laistner, Max Ludwig Wolfram. Jesus. Pt 2, 1st.

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Classical Archaeology at Cambridge

Some of the influences on Cambridge students at the BSA in the period up to the First World War included the following individuals.

Disney Professor of Archaeology
Founded in 1851 by Dr John Disney. The holder was required to deliver six lectures 'on the subject of Classical Mediaeval and other Antiquities the Fine Arts and all matters and things connected therewith'.

• 1851: John Howard Marsden (1803-91). Re-elected, 1856, 1861.
• 1865: Churchill Babington (1821-89). Re-elected, 1870, 1875.
• 1880: Percy Gardner (1846-1937). Re-elected, 1885.
• 1887: George Forrest Browne (1833-1930).
  
• 1892: (Sir) William Ridgeway (1856-1926). Re-elected, 1898, 1903, 1908, 1913.

Slade Professor of Fine Art
Founded by Felix Slade (1788-1868), 1869.

• 1869: Sir Matthew Digby Wyatt (1820-77).
• 1873: Sir Sidney Colvin (1845-1927). Director of the Fitzwilliam Museum, 1876. Re-elected, 1876, 1879, 1882, 1885.
• 1886: John Henry Middleton (1846-96). Director of the Fitzwilliam Museum, 1890. Re-elected, 1889, 1892.
• 1895: (Sir) Charles Waldstein (1856-1927). Director of the Fitzwilliam Museum, 1883. Re-elected, 1898.
  
• 1901: Sir William Martin Conway (1856-1937).
• 1904: (Sir) Charles Waldstein (1856-1927). Re-elected, 1907.
  

Professor of Ancient History
Established 1898.

• James Smith Reid (1846-1926).

Reader in Classical Archaeology
Established 1883; stipend £300.

• 1883: (Sir) Charles Waldstein (1856-1927).
• 1907: Arthur Bernard Cook (1868-1952)
  

Reader in Classics (Brereton)
Established 1906.

• (Sir) William Ridgeway (1856-1926).

University Lectureship in Classics (Epigraphy and Dialects)
Established 1883; stipend £50.

• 1883: Ernest Stewart Roberts (1847-1912). Fellow of Caius; Master of Caius.
• 1906: Sidney George Campbell. Fellow of Christ's.

University Lectureship in Classics (Ancient History)
Established 1883; originally in Roman History, stipend £50; 1899, in Ancient History; 1906, Stipend £200.

• 1883: James Smith Reid (1846-1926). Fellow of Caius. Professor of Ancient History, 1899.
• 1887: Arthur Augustus Tilley. Fellow of King's.
• 1899: Leonard Whibley. Fellow of Pembroke.
  

University Lectureship in Ancient History
Established 1901 (until 1912).

• 1901: Nathaniel Wedd. Fellow of King's.
  

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