Chandraguptha Maurya

In 323 B.C., after the death of Alexander the new wave started in India and its sub continent. A man who defeat the strong Magadha kingdom from the Ganges valley and after next 24 years he conquered the northern India.

His name was called Chandraguptha Maurya (340 BC – 298 BC) and he was trained by the great Chanakya who had wide knowledge in economics, politics, military war, foreign affairs, administration and religion. He was a personal adviser for Chandragutha, without him there is no Mauryan empire.

In 322 B.C Chandraguptha Maurya defeat and overthrown the Nandha dynasty. He found a new empire called “Maurya Empire”. In 303 BC the war between Greek satrapies and Mauryans, he defeats the Greek king Macedonian and crowned as King of Taxila. After his death his grandson Ashoka the Great became the king of Mauyran Empire.

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Ashoka the Great

Ashoka the Great (304 BC- 232 BC) was a famous ancient Indian emperor who ruled from 269 BC to 232 BC. He was king of Maurya Dynasty and the grandson of Chandraguptha Maurya.  His regime was starts from part of Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan in western part, Assam and Bangladesh at east, Kerala and Andra pradesh at southern part.

The Kalinga War: (265-264BC)

Ashoka invade the Kingdom of Kalinga (Bihar), before no one invades that kingdom of Kalinga from Maurya dynasty except Ashoka. He fought against with the Kalinga King “Raja Anantha Padmanabhan”. In this war there were more than 100,000 soldiers and including Kalinga civilians were killed in both sides. Ashoka had seen thousands of army men, women and civilians were killed in the war field with the bloodshed. It causes a great destruction in king Ashoka’s mind.

After the war of Kalinga, Ashoka embraced Buddhism due to the strong impact in the war of Kalinga. Later he decides to spread Buddhism to all over Asia. He played an important for the development of Buddhism in India.

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Timur

Timur (1336-1405) founder of the Timurid Empire and Timurid dynasty. He ruled 35 years from 1370. He is known as "Tamerlane". He was born in Turkic (Shahrisabz, Uzbekistan).  He was also a great-grandson of Babur, Founder of Mughal Dynasty.

While he captured the city of Aleppo, he told: "I am not a man of blood, and God is my witness that in all my wars I have never been the aggressor and that my enemies have always been the authors of their own calamity."

In 1398 he invaded Delhi, India. He faced 120 war elephants were the tasks put poison. He used fire sticks and place fire bag which tied with camel and they sent the camels towards the elephants to made panic. Then he captured the city and 100,000 captivities were prisoned.

In 1400 he invaded the Christians in Georgia and Armenia. He captured 60,000 local people as slaves and most of the people were relocated. In 1401 he captured Baghdad and he killed 20,000 people.

  

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Ghazni Mahmud

Mahmud of Ghazni ( 971 - 1030), was the most famous ruler of the Ghaznavid dynasty who ruled 33years until his death. He was the first ruler to carry the title called Sultan.

He turned the former provincial city of Ghazni into the wealthy capital and extended up to today's Iran, Afghanistan as well as Pakistan and North-West India. His first campaign was against the Qarakhanid Empire in 999.

He invaded Indian subcontinent but he never kept a permanent presence such as Nagarkot, Thanesar, Mathura, Kanauj, Kalinjar, Somnath, Maheshwar, Jwalamukhi, Narunkot and Dwarka.

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Jallianwallah Bagh

Jallianwallah Bagh: April 13, 1919

Merely 376 Indians were killed. There were 120 bodies (mostly women and children) were plucked off the well. But Indian National Congress says " the toll rate is 1,000 - 1,500".

General Dyer Statement:
Dyer said he would have used his machine guns if he could have got them into the enclosure, but these were mounted on armored cars. He said he did not stop firing when the crowd began to disperse because he thought it was his ...duty to keep firing until the crowd dispersed, and that a little firing would do no good. In fact he continued the firing till he ran out of ammunition.

He confessed that he did not take any steps to tend to the wounded after the firing. "Certainly not. It was not my job. Hospitals were open and they could have gone there," was his response.

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