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Swollen Summer

Chris and I went to Uruguay for about a week and a half. It was a lot of fun! We took the boat over from Buenos Aires to Colonia, which takes about an hour. From there we bussed to Montevideo, where we stayed a couple of nights. It is a nice city, except it seemed to have an unusual amount of beggers. Also, Uruguay loves their Mate. Mate is a tea type thing, except instead of having it in a little bag, you put the actual leaves into a cup and add hot water and then you sip it through a straw which has a filter on it. There is also a ritual to drinking it. In a style which I assume to be similar to a peace pipe, you drink one whole cup and then fill the water back up and pass it to the next person.


After Montevideo, we headed up the coast to Punta del Este. We were there for the Easter weekend, so it was kind of busy. This weekend is kind of like our Labor Day; it signifies the end of the summer for them. So everyone was at the beach, chilling and getting some last minute sun. It really doesnt get very cold, even in the winter, but it still is kind of the end of the summer for them.
Our next stop was La Paloma, which was a very small beach town. We camped at a nice site which was about a 5 minute walk to the beach. It was great, very relaxing and just what we needed after being in the city for the last couple of weeks. We spent some time at the beach and some time just hanging out and playing cards and reading... However, it was here that a crisis was averted.

We went to the beach one day and everything was fine. The next day we got up and were preparing to leave when I started to itch. I had peed in the dark in a bush the night before and thought maybe I had squatted in some poison oak or something, but soon a rash had spread all over my body. Next the rash kind of dissapated and in its place was just swollen redness. We went to the doctor who gave me cortizone and told me to stay out of the sun. Apparently I had used a lotion or soap which in addition to the sun had given me some sort of allergic reaction. Who knew! To the right is a photo of my misfortune.



So, after that we went to a great little town called Punta del Diablo. However, I couldnt go out in the sun, and it was a beach town, so we ended up just hanging out in our little cabina playing cards with a small boy named Santiago. Which of course was fun! He taught us the name for all the shapes, but we found out later that he actually may have given us the wrong names...

Now we are back in Buenos Aires. But I will have more to say about that later....

Melos: the Hall of the Mystae

In April 1896 Robert Carr Bosanquet described to his sister Caroline the excavations at 'the Hall of the Mystae' on Melos.
A few days later we found a statue, headless alas, lying on its back on the mosaic pavement ...It represents a hierophant ... of Dionysos, probably, and was set up by the Mystae or Initiates. The mosaic is an unusually large one, some 40 feet in length, and 10 feet wide, and on the whole well preserved. Yesterday we finished clearing away the stone dykes and soil that overlay the upper end and were overwhelmed by the beauty of the upper compartment: it has a vine in each corner whose branches spread over the field: among them are birds of gorgeous plumage, pheasants and peacocks, at one side a deer or goat lying down. The colouring is very rich and the design good. It is probably the best mosaic that has been discovered in Greece. I am anxious to arrange for its permanent preservation and am wiring to Cecil Smith, whom I suppose to be in Athens, to that effect. He has left me in charge for over 3 weeks and I have only heard from him once, so I am anxiously awaiting his coming.
The drawing was made by Charles R.R. Clark, the excavation's architect.

Bibliography
Bosanquet, R. C. 1898. "Excavations of the British School at Melos. The Hall of the Mystae." Journal of Hellenic Studies 18: 60-80, pls. i-iii.

High Reps Build Muscle Big Time!

If you were to ask a million bodybuilders / weight trainers, or read thousands of "muscle building" articles, or picked up almost every book ever written on the quickest way for natural trainers to gain weight fast (quality weight, of course), 99% of them will tell you that lower repetitions during sets, 10 reps or less, will build more muscle mass than any weight training program that requires you to use higher reps.

This philosophy has been around for decades, and , has lead to the undeniable truth that lower reps are not the best way to build muscle without the use of anabolic steroids. If it were, then why don't we see millions more of "muscle heads" walking around in every day life? There are millions and millions of individuals that are very dedicated to their workouts, yet most have nothing to really show for it. Sure, they may be getting stronger, but they aren't getting bigger in size.....and there's a huge difference between the two.

Unlike what most think and say, the two are not one and the same.

Case in point: According to The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, in a study titled "Muscular adaptations to combinations of high and low intensity resistance exercises", Japanese scientists had trainers separate into two different weight lifting groups:

1) A strength training group

2) A mixed-training group

They had both of them follow your typical workout routine:

* 5 sets per exercise / 3-5 reps per set / 3 minutes rest between sets

The change came in the mixed group. Once they were done, they then went on ahead and did 1 set of 25-30 reps 30 seconds immediately after they were done with the last set. The results were interesting, to say the least.

As reported, not only did the mixed group continue to make in muscle mass while the strength training group had a slight loss in muscle mass. In addition, the mixed training group gained about 5% greater 1-rep max strength than the other group.

Now, not that you should place all of your weight training philosophy faith on one study. But this just adds to all of the real world proof that clearly demonstrates that if you are after pure muscle building or weight gain.....not necessarily pure power or strength, you have to up the amount of reps you perform per set. Higher reps provide a ton of muscle building factors that lower reps don't, such as longer time under tension, lactic acid build up, greater blood pumps, so on and so forth.

Keep all of this in mind the next time you are tempted into only worrying about how much you are lifting instead of for how many times. Always be sure to remember that if you are a naturally skinny individual that strength gaining is not your main goal. Your main focus to gain weight and build muscle. In order to do this, you'll have to structure your weight training routine and calorie eating to be able to accomplish this. I'll say it again, this one factor alone is one of the main reasons millions of weight lifters never reach the physique they work so hard to attain.

The weight training misconceptions don't stop here. If you want to read more articles dealing with the real way to train and eat for muscle building / weight gaining purposes, go here: Fast or Slow Reps To Build Muscle & Gain Weight?

David Hogarth on Melos

David Hogarth had excavated at Old Paphos with the Cyprus Exploration Fund (1888) and then at Koptos in Egypt with Flinders Petrie (1894). He then joined the Egypt Exploration Fund's excavation at Deir-el-Bahari (1894), before working at Alexandria with E.F. Benson (1895), a BSA student, and then the Faiyum (1895-96).

Petrie had been the main influence on Hogarth when he went to Phylakopi on Melos to direct the BSA's excavations there. He noted:
The workmen were all native Melians, a singularly honest and industrious lot as compared with many that I have had to do with in excavation work, but possessing little experience and not conspicuous intelligence. Consequently, while they were little likely to steal, they needed constant watching and directing; and I found it not advisable to introduce among them methods that, following Mr. Petrie, I had used from time to time in Egypt, under which the men are left very much to themselves. For instance, payment by cubic metre of earth excavated, which I had contemplated introducing in order not to have to "drive" the gangs, proved not feasible in view of the large quantity of valuable pottery which the soil everywhere contained. It would have been necessary to counteract the tendency to haste, which all metre work induces, by paying a price for countless sherds which up to then had had no money value in the island. Both the disbursement would have been too great for our funds, and an unfortunate precedent would have been introduced to disturb the Aracadian simplicity of the Melians.

Bibliography
Hogarth, D. G. 1897/98. "Excavations in Melos 1898. I. The season's work." Annual of the British School at Athens 4: 1-16.

Francis Haverfield and Robert Carr Bosanquet

Phil Freeman was written a wonderfully detailed study of Francis Haverfield (1860-1919). In the section on Haverfield's 'associates', Freeman notes the strong link with Robert Carr Bosanquet (1871-1935), of Rock Hall, near Alnwick, Northumberland. Apart from being Director of the BSA, Bosanquet excavated at Housesteads on Hadrian's Wall, and later in Wales when he held the chair of classical archaeology at Liverpool.

Freeman notes the close link between the two (especially over the work in Wales) but comments (p. 414):
How and when Bosanquet came into contact with Haverfield again is not known. ... their association has to go back to Haverfield's work around Hadrian's Wall, where Bosanquet was born and later farmed.
The answer probably lies in Thomas Hodgkin (1831-1913) who had close links with Haverfield through the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle upon Tyne. Both were involved with the excavations at Corbridge (along with Haverfield's student Leonard Cheesman (1884-1915), who was subsequently admitted to the BSA).

In July 1902 Bosanquet married Ellen Sophia (1875-1965), Hodgkin's daughter, who had read modern history at Somerville College, Oxford. She recalled her frequent visits to Hadrian's Wall as a child:
From Chollerford you could start with the Roman Camp at Chesters and go to all the other camps along the Wall, especially dear Borcovicus (Housesteads). We went on this drive so often that Chapman said the horses drew up of their own accord when we came to the right halt for a camp or a view. And so even as children we became familiar with theories of vallum and milecastles.
The Hodgkins lived in rural Northumberland first at Bamburgh, and then at Barmoor Castle. Ellen mentioned the Bosanquets at social functions. Indeed, around 1892, she remembered meeting Bosanquet, then at Trinity College, Cambridge, on a walking-tour of the Wall with Ellen's brother Edward (also at Trinity).

Tellingly Ellen refers to Bosanquet's Oxford 'cronies' (in the autumn of 1902) but does not identify them. One was likely to have been Haverfield.

Bibliography
Bosanquet, E. S. n.d. Late harvest: memories, letters and poems. London: Chameleon Press.
Bosanquet, R. C. 1904. "Excavations on the line of the Roman Wall in Northumberland. 1: The Roman camp at Housesteads." Archaeologia Aeliana 25: 193-300.
Bosanquet, R. C. 1920. "Francis John Haverfield, F.S.A., a vice-president." Archaeologia Aeliana 17: 137-43.
Freeman, P. W. M. 2007. The best training ground for archaeologists: Francis Haverfield and the invention of Romano-British archaeology. Oxford: Oxbow. [Worldcat]

Asia Minor Exploration Fund: Funding

One of the constant refrains of the BSA Managing Committee in the early years concerned finance. Yet this is hardly surprising given the demands from other archaeological projects in the eastern Mediterranean. George Macmillan was Honorary Treasurer of the Asia Minor Exploration Fund (AMEF) and made constant appeals:
  • 1882: £520 raised
  • 1883: £300 spent on travels in Anatolia; further appeal for £500.
  • 1890: appeal for £500 to cover the 1890 season
  • 1891: appeal for £400 to cover the 1891 season
  • 1893: £150 raised (of which £100 from the Royal Geographical Society)
  • 1893: appeal for £2000 to excavate at Derbe or Lystra
The BSA students were often involved with the work of AMEF from its earliest years, notably David Hogarth, John A.R. Munro, and Vincent W. Yorke.

The appeal for funds took a nationalistic tone:
It would be little to the credit of England if want of funds should oblige Professor Ramsay to leave the completion of his task to foreign hands. (1890)

One might wish that a foreign nation had not stepped in to a field which, with more liberality on the part of Englishmen, could have been covered completely by our own explorers, but the work is so vast that in the interests of knowledge the application of foreign zeal and money is not altogether to be regretted. (1891)

Very much yet remains to be done, and if the work so well begun by a small band of Englishmen is not to be left unfinished or transferred to foreign hands, English liberality must supply the funds necessary for its continuance. (1893)
It is little wonder that the BSA was only raising some £500 a year when there were such competing demands on the same subscribers.

What Is Sports Nutrition?

Today is the day that you begin to enhance your game. As an athlete, you already know that you need to work hard at insuring that your skills on the court, field or track are the best they can be.

You want to insure that your body is doing everything in the correct manner from start to finish.

You may spend hours perfecting your movements. You may work to build your muscle to enhance how well you can throw that ball.

Or, you may spend countless hours pushing your body to just get past that race line by a fraction of a second better.

All of these things are essential parts to being a successful athlete. There is no doubt about that. But, that is not all that you need to handle either.

Off The Court Work Outs

Besides planning your next routine, your next set of reps and your next game, you should be concentrating on your nutrition. Think about it.

What your body eats is what makes it move.

What you put into your body is the fuel it will use to do the things that you want it to do.

What you do not put into your body can not help you to succeed either.

While it may sound hard to determine what the right products are, it does not have to be.

As an athlete, you need to focus your time on sports nutrition as much as you focus it on your workout.

You should take the time to learn about what your body needs, how it reacts to the foods you put into it and how well it will perform based on the fuels you provide it.

For more information, check out this best ebook on sports/fitness and nutrition.

Türkçe OKS ve ÖSS soruları nasıl çözülür

Sevgili öğrenciler,

Amacınız İster Anadolu ve Fen Liselerine İster Üniversiteye girip, güzel bir eğitim alarak yarınlara en iyi şekilde hazırlanmak ve idealinizdeki mesleğe ulaşıp onu en iyi şekilde yapmak olsun. Bu amaca ulaşmak için gireceğiniz OKS sınavında sorulan 100 sorunun 25'i Türkçe dersinden ÖSS de ise sorulan soruların 60 tanesi Türkçe dersinden gelmektedir. OKS ve ÖSS Sınavlarını analiz ettiğinizde ve katsayılar dikkatle incelendiğinde Türkçe'nin önemini daha iyi anlayabilirsiniz.Türkçe’yi bütün kurallarıyla bilmek, sizin başarınız açısından oldukça önemlidir. Türkçe’yi iyi bilmek sadece Türkçe sorularını çözmekte değil, diğer derslere ait soruları çözmekte de işe yarayacaktır.

Sevgili öğrenciler, OKS ’de çıkan Türkçe soruları

1-Sözcükte,Cümlede Anlam Bilgisi,

2-Dil Bilgisi,

3-Anlatım Bozuklukları

4-Yazım Bilgisi

5-Edebiyat Bilgileri olmak üzere 5 temel başlıkta karşınıza çıkmaktadır.

Anlam bilgisi, her şeyden önce hızlı ve doğru okumanızı; okuduğunuzu anlamanızı ve anladığınızı yorumlamanızı gerektirir. Soruların büyük çoğunluğunun anlam bilgisi olması ve ezbere dayalı bir bilgi istememesi bunun kanıtıdır. Anlam bilgisi soruları kelime, cümle ve paragraf düzeyinde karşımıza çıkar. Sözcük anlamında, sözcüğün cümle içinde kazandığı değişik anlamları bulma, yorumlama ve deyimlerin anlamlarını kavramaya yönelik sorular sorulur. Cümle anlamında cümlede verilen yargıyı kavrama, yargının oluşmasında etkili olan yardımcı yargıları bulma, yargıyı aktaran kişinin yansıttığı duyguyu, düşünceyi anlama ile ilgili sorular gelmektedir. Cümle anlamında sizlerin anlama yeteneğiniz ölçülür. Ayrıca birbirine benzer yargılar arasından farklı olanı bulabilme üzerinde durulur.

Paragrafta sizden istenen, değişik yargılardan oluşan bir bütünü kavramanızdır. Bunu kavrarken aynı zamanda onun parçalarla olan ilgisini de anlamanız istenir. Paragraf soruları uzun olmasından dolayı zor soru olarak algılanır. Oysa bu soruların cevabı soruda verilen parçanın içinde gizlidir. Bu yönüyle belki de en kolay sorular paragraf sorularıdır. . Paragraf sorularını kolay çözmenin yolu bol paragraf sorusu çözmekten geçer.Paragrafı okumadan önce soru kökünü mutlaka okuyun ve ne sorulduğunu anlamaya çalışın. Ayrıca Anlam Bilgisi konusundan gelen soruları çözebilmek için az da olsa kitap okumaya çalışmalısınız. Ayda bir iki kitap bitirmeniz size fayda sağlayacaktır. Okuduğunuz metni özetlemeye, eleştirmeye çalışırsanız yaptığınız işin verimliliği daha da artacaktır. Burada değinmek istediğimiz önemli bir husus da sözlük kullanımıdır. Okuduğunuz metinde karşılaştığınız kelimelerden anlamlarını bilmediklerinizi öğrenmek, deyimlerin tam karşılığını bilmek, atasözlerini kavramak istiyorsanız bir Türkçe sözlük ve bir de atasözleri sözlüğü edinmelisiniz. Böylece sınavlarda çıkacak muhtemel deyim, atasözü ve kelime anlamı sorularını çok rahat çözebilme yeteneğine kavuşmuş olacaksınız.

Anlam bilgisi soruları nasıl çözülür?

Anlam bilgisi konusu Türkçe dersinin en önemli konusu olup, sınavlarda soruların % 85'inin de geldiği bölümdür. Dolayısıyla bu konuyu öğrenmek, başarıya ulaşmak için çok önemlidir. Türkçe dersinin en önemli konusu olan anlam bilgisin gelebilecek soruları çözmek için şunlara dikkat edilmelidir:

Günde bir sayfa da olsa kitap okunmalıdır. Kitap okuma alışkanlığı olmayanlar ilk başlarda gazetelerden ilgilerini çeken köşe yazılarını, daha sonra Dünya Klasikleri'nden olan hikâye ve romanları daha sonra ise düşünsel içerikli deneme kitaplarını okumalıdırlar.

Televizyon seyrederken, birilerini dinlerken, okurken veya herhangi bir nedenle duyulan ve anlamı bilinmeyen kelime ve kelime gruplarının anlamları sözlüklerden araştırılıp hemen öğrenilmeliler. Bunu için de her öğrencinin kütüphanesinde bir Türkçe sözlük, bir deyimler sözlüğü,bir atasözleri sözlüğü bir de imla kılavuzu bulunmalıdır. Okul Türkçe kitaplarının konularının işleniş bölümünde yer alan "Kelime çalışmaları" ve "Okuma, anlama, Anlatma" çalışmaları bölümleri mutlaka incelenmeli, çalışılmalıdır.

Okunan metinler üzerinde çalışma yapılarak konuları, asıl anlatılmak istenen düşünceleri, metinden çıkarılabilecek düşünceleri ve metnin yazarının veya şairinin konuyu ortaya koyarken içinde bulunduğu ruh hâlini belirleyerek not etmek gerekir.

Bu metinler başkalarına da anlatılabilir. Okunan hikâye veya bir romansa özetleme yapılabilir veya benzer kısa hikâyeler de yazılabilir. Veya hikâye belli bir noktada bırakılarak okuyucu tarafında tamamlanabilir.

Bu çalışmalar kişinin okuduğunu anlama ve anladığını sözlü veya yazılı şekilde ifade edebilme yeteneğini geliştirir. Bu kabiliyetleri gelişen kişilerin soruları daha kolay ve hızlı, ayrıca da doğru olarak çözebilecekleri görülecektir.

Soruları çözerken kalem kullanmak gerekir. Kelimelerin, cümlelerin anlamları belirlenip yanlarına yazılmalıdır. Bu belirlemeler yorumlanmalı ve kıyaslanmalı, sonra da istenen bilgiye ulaşılmalıdır.

Özellikle paragraf sorularında kalem kullanmak çok önemlidir. Sözel bir metindir, okumayla yapılır düşüncesi eksiktir. Okunan ve parçadan çıkarılan düşünceler, konu, ana fikir ve yazarın içinde bulunduğu durum not edilmelidir. Bu veriler sorunun çözümünde bizden istenen bilgiler olacaktır. Türkçe konuları birbirinin devamı olduğu için konuları sırayla ve anlayarak çalışın. Bir konuyu çok iyi anlamadan diğerine geçmeyin.

How To Stay Motivated During Your Exercise Journey

I think we can all agree that the hard part with exercising is staying motivated. I totally understand and I go through this every so often. I try to remind myself by following a few simple rules that allow me to keep on track of my goals so I can continue to be encouraged with my exercising. Some of them start with short term goals or taking baby steps. As you begin to approach these smaller goals or accomplish them, you will build confidence. You will then become motivated since accomplishing anything is very rewarding. By knowing how much time and effort you've invested feels great when you begin to see results. So, let me discuss the rest of the points on how you can stay motivated.

1. Write down your short and long term goals. Next, acknowledge it by saying it to yourself or someone close to you such as a friend or spouse. By admitting it, you have taken action in implementing these goals. We tend to think about our goals in our mind but it was just a thought that passed by us so saying it aloud is a commitment we just made to ourselves.

2. Reflect back on previous attempts that have made you to stop exercising. Do you see the same pattern that you are heading or what are ways you can do things differently this time? Were you exercising too much the first few weeks and you decided it was just too much work? Start off with the basics and work out a schedule that you can handle and slowly progress from that stage. Lets face it, these days everyone has a busy lifestyle with their career, family and friends. Try to find a routine that is simple, quick, and consistent that works for you!

3. Be patient with your exercising. Most of us exercise so we can lose weight, tone up, stay healthy, etc. Seeing results isn't anything that is overnight or the first week. There are no short cuts in life and that goes for exercising as well. If you want to see results you have to be patient with yourself. If you are burning more calories than you eat, your body is continuing to change. Even if its slower than you expected, results are still present but at a slower process than you want. As they say good things come to those who wait!

4. Be around people who have similar interest as yourself. Get a training partner whether you are training at home, gym, etc. Having someone who can motivate you when you are down or tired helps a lot! I've gone through that road many times and having that training partner helped me immensely. Of course, some of us may not have a training partner and that is when your determination powers through to finish that work out. Also, talk to fitness professionals in the health industry and they can assist you or hire a qualified personal trainer.

5. Constantly monitoring your weight does not help at all. By getting on that dreaded scale, it can definitely discourage your progress if you haven't lost any weight. There are so many things that can play a factor such as attaining more lean muscle, water retention, etc. Muscle does weigh more than fat and I like to think things out from a logical point of view. If you feel and look better in your clothes then you are making great progress. Focus more attention about losing fat loss rather than weight loss.

6. Always educate yourself. Go to a book store, library, or surf the internet and read as much material on health and fitness. As they say knowledge is power!

7. Rewarding yourself is another bonus. Go to that much need massage after exercising hard since you've done a good job the past few weeks. Other ways to reward yourself can be going away for a day with a friend or spouse, check out a movie, buy yourself a small gift such as running shoes or workout clothes. We all need to feel self appreciated and this can definitely jump start yourself by knowing you deserve it!

8. Try to stay positive. I know each day is different and you may not feel the same way as you did the previous work out. Find ways to stay positive by remembering that you always feel great after exercising, finishing this workout will allow me to do my other things such as watching TV, you ate some junk food today so need this workout to balance the calories, etc. Sometimes being competitive can be good as well and the days you don't want to exercise, you can think to yourself that you don't want your training partner to being one step ahead of you!

9. Keep track of your progress. A simple way to keep motivated is to see how far you've come when you first started or what areas do you still need to improve. Keep a diary and log your exercise routine and training regimen. Set up your own progression chart on a set schedule by taking measurements of your body, weighing yourself, evaluating your body fat percentage. This can be done every 3-4 weeks to evaluate your progress.

10. Your determination and perseverance is the key to success. There are no gimmicks or tricks on this last point as success only come from within. It is up to you to succeed in life whatever your short or long term goals are.

So, here you have it and I just mentioned a few points on staying motivated. Really, there aren't any excuses for you to discontinue exercising besides it benefiting your overall health, reduced stress, and disease prevention to name a few!

Richard Chan is a Health and Fitness Life Coach, promoting good health internally and externally. For more information you can visit Richard Chan at http://www.flex-fitness.com regarding exercising, training or nutrition.

Physical Fitness Assessment Questionnaire

Brad King and Dr. Michael Schmidt in “Bio Age, Ten Steps to a Younger You” (Macmillan, Canada, 2001) have devised a questionnaire for assessing physical damage to a body as a result of no exercise. We will borrow some of their guidelines, which we will summarize here:

Start with the question, “How do I look?” Do any of these answers apply to you?
  • Am I overweight, looking like an apple or pear?
  • Do I have a spare tire around my waist?
  • Has my skin become excessively dry, almost paper-thin?

Next, ask: “How do I feel?”
  • Do my joints hurt before or after any physical exertion?
  • Am I constantly worried and anxious?
  • Do I feel tired and sluggish most of the time?

Do I suffer from mood swings?
  • Last question, “How am I doing?”
  • Are simple walking and climbing stairs difficult?
  • Do I have problems concentrating?
  • Is running impossible for me now?
  • Am I unable to sit straight, preferring to slouch or stoop my shoulders?

You’ve completed your basic assessment. Note, however, that other exercise or fitness gurus will have their own parameters or indices for assessing your body’s overall state and one isn’t better than the other.

As long as they include all dimensions of the self – physical, psychological and mental – they are as valid as the next person’s assessment charts.

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