Bayram Cigerli Blog

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The narrative suggests that the war for American independence was not inevitable, that the British empire could have been saved. Do you agree? At what point during the imperial crisis was peaceful compromise possible?

After the war for American Independence, John Adams claimed that the Americans were considering independence long before the war that started in 1775. He suggested that the American independence was inevitable, but this was not the case. After the seven years French and Indian War, the American colonies celebrated Britain’s victory. Since the colonies have supported Britain during the French and Indian War, their expectations were of support. As a result of the Great War for Empire, Britain has won from France its North American colonies at a considerable expense and faced an enormous post-war debt. Since the British people were already over-burdened with taxes, the Government found a good source of revenue in the American colonies. But Britain’s attitude toward the American colonies was not one of care, or of asking for help, but rather one of exploitation. The colonists were considered inferior, never equal to the British, and they were used as a source of revenue. In the same time, King George III passed the Proclamation Line, keeping the colonists out of the new acquired lands, prohibiting Anglo-American settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains. If any chance of avoiding the conflict would have presented itself, it should have been if Britain’s attitude towards the colonies would have improved right after the French and Indian War and none of the taxation acts (like the Stamp Act for example) would have been issued. “...it was the actions of British ministers which made independence first a possibility and then a likelihood”. (Cogliano, Francis D)

Source:
Cogliano, Francis D., Was the American Revolution Inevitable? British History in-depth, 08/26/2010, http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/empire_seapower/american_revolution_01.shtml (2009)

In 1860, the institution of slavery was firmly entrenched in the United States; by 1865, it was dead. How did this happen? How did Union policy toward slavery and enslaved people change over the course of the war? Why did it change?

The change in slavery started in November 1860 with the Republican victory in the elections, an immediate danger to the slave owning republic in existence since 1776. The Republican Party and Lincoln – who did not win a single vote in the South, vowed to prevent the extension of slavery. To save the black slavery and the supremacy of white men, radical Southerners chose secession, while Northerners believed that the collapse of
Union will destroy the possibility of a democratic republican government. This resulted in the Civil War, finally leading to the end of slavery in the United States. Antislavery Republicans asked that the goal of the war should be abolition of slavery and restoration of the Union; the war should continue “until the Slave power is completely subjugated, and emancipation made certain.” Lincoln first rejected emancipation as a goal of the war;  he never thought of putting an end to slavery. But numerous slave escapes in the South burdened the president. The Union’s fate was at stake and Lincoln’s major commitment was to save the Union. “If I could save the Union without freeing any slave, I would do it,” the president stated, “and if I could save it by freeing all the slaves, I would do it.” In the light of these events, Lincoln finally surrendered to the pressure of antislavery republicans, making the Civil War to mainly be about slavery, and seeing the abolition as a way to end the rebellion and preserve the Union. The president drafted a general proclamation of emancipation in July 1862, laying the foundation for the destruction of slavery. The proclamation was issued on September 22, basing its legal authority on his responsibility to suppress the rebellion and was signed by Lincoln on January 1, 1863. Right after the war, abolitionists were worried that the Emancipation Proclamation, being based on the Lincoln’s wartime powers, would lose its force post bellum. Pushed by the president and the National Equal Rights League, on January 1865 the Congress approved the Thirteenth Amendment, ending slavery, and sent it to the states for ratification.

Sources:

Henretta, James A, and David Brody, America: A Concise History, Volume I: To
1877. 4th ed., Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2010, 407-431

Slavery In The Civil War Era, 08/26/2010, http://www.civilwarhome.com/slavery.htm

How would you explain the large and expanding domestic trade in slaves between 1800 and 1860? What combination of factors produced this result?

As a result of the Industrial Revolution, the production increased significantly after 1800. Especially the textile industry had a boost at that time and more and more cotton supplies were required. While the Northern States were industrialized and produced the textiles, the Southern States were the main cotton suppliers, but still relying on slaves for the cotton production. Cotton changed the course of the American economic and racial future. The cotton crops increased considerably; and by 1840, the South was producing and exporting over 2/3 of the world’s cotton, giving the region strong economic power. The large needs of raw materials determined the Southern plantation owners to look for more manpower in slaves. Since the slave import has been restricted, slaves became even more valuable generating the so-called “mania for buying negroes”, The domestic trade in slaves became the best resource. White planters started looking for new slaves in the upper South states, and between 1800 and 1860, the domestic slave trade emerged as a crucial commercial enterprise operating through two systems: the coastal one and the inland one. The coastal system sent slaves to the sugar plantations in Louisiana, whereas the inland one to the cotton plantations. The coastal system was very apparent and provided the slaves required by the expansion towards the West, yet another reason for the extended manpower requirement. The domestic slave trade was crucial for the prosperity of the southern economy, and it was an important resource to raise money, straightening the economy of the Upper South.

Henretta, James A. and David Brody. America: A Concise History, Volume I: To 1877. 4th ed., Boston: Bedford/ St. Martin’s, 2010, 349-353

Vintage Dressers

This is another project that has been keeping me busy. My sister bought a new dresser and my Mom gave me one. And they BOTH needed painting! So out came the paint brushes and some new hardware, and we have two lovely pieces of furniture!
My sister Mandy, loves red white and blue, her bedroom is decorated in it. She mixed white paint and navy blue together for the pefect shade. It certainly had to be the perfect shade, that was all the blue we had!
The handles go so well and give the dresser a clean look! I think the dresser is from the 20s or 30s. It is very solid. The bit of scroll work on the bottom and little wheels on the legs are so cute. Mandy is working on finding a key to go in the locks, wouldn't that be neat?! So this is my little dresser. Probably from the 50s. It was painted a horrible mud brown when I got it. White is so much better! The blue knobs were from another dresser. I think they work very well. I am planning on putting this in my sewing room. A new home for my vintage pattern collection! And possibly thread, trim and fabric. All depends on how much room the patterns take up. I am so excited! I just have to do a major overhaul and spring clean!
My cute little knobs with blue flowers.

A Find from Holland

I found this bais tape with lace edging on etsy. http://www.etsy.com/shop/HollandFabricHouse

Mailed all the way from Holland! She has a lot of fun things. Very bright, colorful fabric and trims. It just arrived in the mail yesterday. To to cute!

I can't wait to sew an apron. I haven't decided what pattern yet. I am thinking 40s. As they loved ruffles and trim. I might make up my own pattern. Still thinking, but with this for inspiration, it shouldn't take long!

A close up. So you can see the tiny little Strawberries and Cherries! And the cute flowers! I almost didn't get the fruit one, I know! what was I thinking?!


Life has been rather busy lately. Tax season you know, and of course since I do really like doing taxes, I do them for the whole family! I was so hoping that I would have a bunch of aprons sewn by now. But I haven't had the time. They are still all cut out, waiting on my sewing table. I did sneak an hour or so of sewing in on Tuesday. I have a little half apron almost done! It was so rejuvinating to be able to sew! I am hoping next week I will get time!

Scared

I hope I weigh in at 189ish on Sunday. I've been eating a lil more than normal and not the good stuff. Exercise has also taken a knee. I'm pushing the check in until Sunday am.
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Go Bold!

Nikon Coolpix Camera; Zara Image (March Lookbook); Chanel Le Vernis Nail Colour Barcelona Red; Bungalow 5 Taboret Stool/Side Table; Shopten25 Ivory with Red and Black Flower Pillow

Go bold with red!  I fell in love with this Zara image (pictured center).  The bright red skirt makes such a statement and the berry lip doesn't compete with the look but rather acts as quite the complement.  It is hard not to turn heads when you flash a touch of look-at-me red!

Popeye Village


This fantastical Film Set found at the shores of one of Malta’s most picturesque locations, has just turned 30, and there seems to be no way it ever loses its appeal. Anchor Bay hosts this pristinely kept ramshackle sea-side village which housed the 6 month shoot of the musical Popeye in 1980. The late Robert Altman helmed the entire location shoot directing amongst others, Paul L. Smith as Cpt. Bluto, Shelley Duvall of The Shining as Olive Oyl, and introducing on the Silver Screen, Robin Williams as the one-eyed sailor himself.

The story follows Popeye in his search for his lost father, Poopdeck Pappy. He stumbles upon Sweet Haven village, befriends an eccentric Hamburger eater, Mr. Wellington Wimpy and rents a room from Olive Oyl’s, his soon to be love of his life. Enter the brute pirate Bluto and things get somewhat complicated. To cut a long story short, without detracting from this entertaining effort from the Eighties, Popeye manages to find his father and also a little surprise along the way.

Popeye’s motto has always been ‘I Yam what I Yam’, and this rings true to this very day. After all these years this ‘way of thinking’ has swept the entire village and all those who visit the Film Set are transported back in time, when the simple things were those which matter most.

All the buildings are kept in their original state, save some for added safety since they were only constructed to offer a backdrop for the shoot. Detailed attention is undertaken on a daily basis and the maintenance team is on the go 24/7. All this coupled with the ever-innovative management and you have a Village that lives and gains more and more popularity as time goes by.

Popeye Village, as it is widely known amongst the islanders, has been offering Amusement Park services for many years, hosting ‘Private Functions’, ‘Dance Parties’, ‘Weddings’ and even ‘Corporate Events’. Amongst today’s activities on offer one can find free Boat rides around Anchor Bay, Silver Smith demonstrations, Wine tasting, open-air beach Lido with shower and Baywatch attendant, little kids areas where you can rest assured the little ones will be amused with hours of fun and much more. All the animators will make sure you have a fantastic time whilst back to back animation shows pack the Village with colorful characters roaming around, transporting you back in time.

Join the thousands of repeat visitors and experience for yourselves the magic to be had at Malta’s only Family Fun Park, Popeye Village.

IRELAND-----Beautiful destination for holidays